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MySQL两种表存储结构MyISAM和InnoDB的性能比较测试

发布时间:2006-12-25 作者: 来源:转载
MySQL支持的两种主要表存储格式MyISAM,InnoDB,上个月做个项目时,先使用了InnoDB,结果速度特别慢,1秒钟只能插入10几条。后来换成MyISAM格式,一秒钟插入上万条。当时决定这两个表的性能也差别太大了吧。后来自己推测,不应该差别这么慢,估计是写的插入语
MySQL支持的两种主要表存储格式MyISAM,InnoDB,上个月做个项目时,先使用了InnoDB,结果速度特别慢,1秒钟只能插入10几条。后来换成MyISAM格式,一秒钟插入上万条。当时决定这两个表的性能也差别太大了吧。后来自己推测,不应该差别这么慢,估计是写的插入语句有问题,决定做个测试:
测试环境:Redhat Linux9,4CPU,内存2G,MySQL版本为4.1.6-gamma-standard
测试程序:Python+Python-MySQL模块。
测试方案:
1、MyISAM格式分别测试,事务和不用事务两种情况:
2、InnoDB格式分别测试AutoCommit=1(不用begin transaction和用begin transaction模式),
AutoCommit=0 (不用begin transaction和用begin transaction模式)四种情况。 测试方法为插入10000条记录。为了测试不互相影响,单独建立了专用的测试表,建表语句如下:
1、MyISAM不用事务表:
CREATE TABLE `MyISAM_NT` (
`TableId` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
`TableString` varchar(21) NOT NULL default ''
) ENGINE=MyISAM; 2、MyISAM用事务表:
CREATE TABLE `MyISAM_TS` (
`TableId` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
`TableString` varchar(21) NOT NULL default ''
) ENGINE=MyISAM; 3、InnoDB关闭AutoCommit,不用事务:
CREATE TABLE `INNODB_NA_NB` (
`TableId` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
`TableString` varchar(21) NOT NULL default ''
) ENGINE=InnoDB; 4、InnoDB关闭AutoCommit,用事务:
CREATE TABLE `INNODB_NA_BE` (
`TableId` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
`TableString` varchar(21) NOT NULL default ''
) ENGINE=InnoDB; 5、InnoDB开启AutoCommit,不用事务:
CREATE TABLE `INNODB_AU_NB` (
`TableId` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
`TableString` varchar(21) NOT NULL default ''
) ENGINE=InnoDB; 6、InnoDB开启AutoCommit,用事务:
CREATE TABLE `INNODB_AU_BE` (
`TableId` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
`TableString` varchar(21) NOT NULL default ''
) ENGINE=InnoDB; 测试的Python脚本如下: #!/usr/bin/env Python
'''
MyISAM,InnoDB性能比较
作者:空心菜(Invalid)
时间:2004-10-22
'''
import MySQLdb
import sys
import os
import string
import time c = None testtables = [("MyISAM_NT",None,0),
("MyISAM_TS",None,1),
("INNODB_NA_NB",0,0),
("INNODB_NA_BE",0,1),
("INNODB_AU_NB",1,0),
("INNODB_AU_BE",1,1)
] def BeginTrans(): print "ExecSQL:BEGIN;"
c.execute("BEGIN;")

return def Commit():

print "ExecSQL:COMMIT;"
c.execute("COMMIT;")
return def AutoCommit(flag):

print "ExecSQL:Set AUTOCOMMIT = "+str(flag)
c.execute("Set AUTOCOMMIT = "+str(flag))
return

def getcount(table):
#print "ExecSQL:select count(*) from "+table
c.execute("select count(*) from "+table)
return c.fetchall()[0][0]


def AddTable (Table,TableId,TableString): sql = "INSERT INTO "+Table+"(TableId, TableString) VALUES( "+ TableId+ ",'" + TableString +"')"
try:
c.execute(sql)
except MySQLdb.OperationalError,error:
print "AddTable Error:",error
return -1;
return c.rowcount
def main(): argv = sys.argv if len(argv) < 2:
print 'Usage:',argv[0],' TableId TestCount n'
sys.exit(1)

global c #mysql访问cursor
db_host = "localhost"
db_name = "demo"
db_user = "root"
db_user_passwd = ""

print "Config:[%s %s/%s %s] DBn"%(db_host,db_user,db_user_passwd,db_name)

if len(argv) > 2:
tableid = argv[1]
testcount = int(argv[2]) # for test in testtables:
#每次操作前都重写建立数据库连接
try:
mdb = MySQLdb.connect(db_host, db_user, db_user_passwd, db_name)
except MySQLDb.OperationalError,error:
print "Connect Mysql[%s %s/%s %s] DB Error:"%(db_host,db_user,db_user_passwd,db_name),error,"n"
sys.exit(1)
else:
c = mdb.cursor()
table,autocommit,trans = test
starttime = time.time()
print table," ",time.strftime("%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime()) if autocommit != None:
AutoCommit(autocommit)

if trans == 1:
BeginTrans() for i in xrange(testcount):
tablestring = "%020d"%i
if (AddTable(table,tableid,tablestring)<1):
print "AddTable Error",tablestring

if trans == 1:
Commit()

print time.strftime("%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime())
endtime = time.time()
usedtime = endtime-starttime print table,"count:",getcount(table)," used time:",usedtime
c.close()
mdb.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
测试结果如下:

Config:[localhost root/ demo] DB MyISAM_NT 04-10-22 16:33:24
04-10-22 16:33:26
MyISAM_NT count: 10000 used time: 2.1132440567
MyISAM_TS 04-10-22 16:33:26
ExecSQL:BEGIN;
ExecSQL:COMMIT;
04-10-22 16:33:29
MyISAM_TS count: 10000 used time: 2.65475201607
INNODB_NA_NB 04-10-22 16:33:29
ExecSQL:Set AUTOCOMMIT = 0
04-10-22 16:33:31
INNODB_NA_NB count: 10000 used time: 2.51947999001
INNODB_NA_BE 04-10-22 16:33:31
ExecSQL:Set AUTOCOMMIT = 0
ExecSQL:BEGIN;
ExecSQL:COMMIT;
04-10-22 16:33:35
INNODB_NA_BE count: 10000 used time: 3.85625100136
INNODB_AU_NB 04-10-22 16:33:35
ExecSQL:Set AUTOCOMMIT = 1
04-10-22 16:34:19
INNODB_AU_NB count: 10000 used time: 43.7153041363
INNODB_AU_BE 04-10-22 16:34:19
ExecSQL:Set AUTOCOMMIT = 1
ExecSQL:BEGIN;
ExecSQL:COMMIT;
04-10-22 16:34:22
INNODB_AU_BE count: 10000 used time: 3.14328193665
结论:
由此得知影响速度的主要原因是AUTOCOMMIT默认设置是打开的,
我当时的程序没有显式调用BEGIN;开始事务,导致每插入一条都自动Commit,严重影响了速度。
算来也是个低级错误! 相关参考:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/COMMIT.html
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/InnoDB_and_AUTOCOMMIT.html

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